Stoneworking machine



G. A. SWENSON sToNEwORKI'NG MACHINE Nimh 3,1942.

Filed May 26, 1941 4 SheeiLS-Sheei'l l G. ./Qwensolz,

Marchf3, 1942. Gg-A. swEN'soN sToNwoRKING MACHINE 4 sheets-sheet 2 v'Filed May 26, 1941 His SWW;

Marcha, 1942. G,A SWENSON l .2,275,329

sToNEwoRKING MACHINE Filed May 26, 1941 Sheets-Sheet 3 o o d vb o o oomo o o o o o o .6 o

j QH-werbsorn,

March 3, 1942-. G, yA. SWENSON 2,275,329

, l STONEWORKING MACHINE Filed May 2e, 1941 21 sheets-sheet 4 g* mwM22-M2 Patented Mar. 3, 1942 UNITED STAT-ES PATENT OFFICE VSTONEWORKINGMACHINE Gustave A. Swenson, Champaign, lll.

Application May 26, 1941,'Seral No. 395,283

s Claims. (Cl,V 12s-35) This invention relates to improvements in stonevWorking machines and particularly to stone planing apparatus.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a stone planer inwhich the stones can be placed, cut and removed with minimum consumptionof time.

A further object is to provide a stone planer in which the stones to becut can be lined up with the planer cutting tools with a minimum loss oftime.

Another object is to provide a stone cutting machine in which it isunnecessary to secure the stone to the planer bed by the present day,socalled, dogging-down operation.

Still another object is to provide the planer bed with a removable stonesupporting section whereby plural, interchangeable supporting sectionsused With a single bed will permit one of said sections removed from thebed to be loaded with stone to be cut during the time stone on a secondsection on the bed are being planed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a planer bed on which thestone to be cut will be moved into proper position relatively to thecutting tool by the pressure exerted by said tool on the stone.

Another object is to provide a planer bed which can be loaded with anumber of stone superposed one upon the other.

With these and other objects in View, the invention consists in certaindetails of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts, allas will hereinafter be more fully described and the novel featuresthereof particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan View of a planer -bed constructed in accordancewith the invention, a number of stones being illustrated.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of a modified form of planer bed;

Fig. 5 is an end View of the structure illustrated in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a top plan View of another form of planer bed embodying thepresent invention;

Fig. 7 is an end view of the bed shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a top plan view of still another form of planer bed made inaccordance with the present invention;

Fig. 9 is an end view of the bed shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view on the line |0|0 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 illustrates, in top plan, another modication of planer bed;

Fig. 12 is an end View of the bed of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view on the line |3|3 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 14 isa perspective view of still another modification of thepresent invention;

Fig. 15 is a top plan view of the bed of Fig. 14 with stone loadedthereon;

Fig. 16 is an end view of the structure shown in Fig. 15;

Fig. `1'7 is a section on line |1|`| of Fig. 15;

Fig. 18 is a like view with one stone and one end wall section shown inFig. 17 removed; and

Fig. 19 is a top plan view illustrating the bed of Fig. 14 loaded with anumber of comparatively narrow stone.

-Essentially, the present invention contemplates a stone planer bedhaving a removable upper stone supporting section provided with meansfor preventing horizontal shifting of said section with respectl to thelower portion of the bed and also provided with one or more recesses inwhich the stone to be cut is positioned, the formation of the Walls ofeach recess being such that they will vproperly position the stone withrespect to the planer cutting tools. For instance, in the constructionof Figs. 1 to 3, there is what is termed a planer bed` base comprisingvertically spaced metal plates 29, 2| and the removable upper section22. In this construction, the upper section is in the form of a broadstone slab. To prevent the upper section shifting its position on thebase member 2|, there are a number kof co-operating interlockingelements on said section and base member. In the present instance, theseelements consist of apertures 23 in the removable upper Asection adaptedto register with and receive pins 24 on the base, although it will beunderstood'these pins do not interfere with the upper section beingraised and lowered with respect to said base. In this connection, itwill be observed the lower edges of the ends of the upper section 22 arerecessed as at 25 to form a space between said upper section and basefor attachment of slings or other elevating devices which are used forplacing the upper section on and removing it from the base. In someinstances it is preferred to form aplurality of openings 26 in the basemember 2| to prevent accumulation of chips orvstone particles.Preferably, the pin receiving holes 23 are provided with bushings 21supporting closures 28 for said holes, whereby clogging of the holes bychips is also prevented. The top surface of the upper section 22 isprovided with one or more longitudinally extending stone receivingrecesses 29 and one or both side walls of these recesses are disposed ina vertical plane parallel to the relative movement between the cuttingtool (not shown) and bed during the cutting or planing operation wherebya stone or stones positioned against said Walls will be properlypositioned with respect to the cutting tool. If desired, the stones maybe forced against one side Wall or straight edge E of the recess byWedge blocks 30 between the stone and opposite Wall of said recess asshown at the left of Fig. 3 or, for planing some shapes, two stones canbe forced wedge block 3l between the stones, as shown at the right ofFig. 3. Again, for'other shapes, the stones can be spaced apart bywedges 32 and both forced against one wall of the recess by wedges 33,as illustrated in the middle groove 29 of Fig. 3. To facilitate removalof stone from the upper supporting section 22 of the bed, shims 34 maybe used if desired to space the stone slightly off the surface of saidsection. With the stone secured in the grooves in this fashion it is notnecessary to secure the stone at its ends, as by the, so-called,dogging-down method commonly used in the industry. The upper section maybe open at one end, but it is preferred to interpose a cushioning memberor block 35 between the stone and an end Wall of the section 22 againstwhich the stone will be forced by the pressure of the cutting toolduring the planing operation.

As will be appreciated, the pieces of stone can be secured in thegrooves 29 very quickly and due to the relationship between the wall orwalls of the grooves and the direction of travel of the bed or cuttingtool, the stone is necessarily properly positioned with respect to thecutting tool. This is quite simplified compared to the, so-called,dogging-down of the stone on a planer bed because, in accomplishingthis, the stone is often forced rst in one direction and then inanother, throwing one or the other end of the stone out of positionrelatively to the cutting tool, thus often requiring considerable timein properly anchoring even one stone. On the other hand, a number ofstones can be quickly secured in proper position with the structure ofthis invention and, in addition, by using two interchangeable uppersections 22, one can be in use while the second is being loaded with thenext set of stone to be planed.

In the structures of Figs. 4 to '7, the upper bed section 22 is formedto permit planing of one side face of the stone in addition to the topface thereof. For this purpose, the recesses 29 may each be made ofincreased depth at its side opposite the straight wall E against whichthe stone is positioned, as illustrated at 36 in Figs. 4 and 5, or, forcomparatively Wide slabs, the stone may project beyond one side edge ofthe bed section. In each instance, the removable bed section is providedwith locking elements 23 for preventing it shifting position on the bedbase. In each of the structures of Figs. 4 and 6,'it will be noted thatthe cushioning block 35, which is positioned between the stone and thatend of the bed toward which the stone is forced by the pressure of thecutting tool, is of less width than the stone being operated upon. Thiscauses the stones to pivot, so to speak, on the cushion block under theinfluence of the pressure of the cutting tool so as to force the sideface of the stone against the straight edge or Wall E of the groove.Thus, the pressure of the tool causes the stone to be forced and held inproper position. If desired, the end wall against which the stone andcushion block are forced by the cutting tool may be tapered as at 31(Fig. 6) toward the straight edge or side wall E of the groove.

In the modification of Figs. 8 to 10, the upper section may take theform of a steel plate 22a provided with wooden cross-members 38 on whichare mounted short, longitudinally disposed chany nel bars 39 or angles40 with the bars or angles l5 against the opposite Walls of the recessby placingv on the several cross timbers alined so that their exteriorfaces E will constitute the straight edge or wall against which thestone is held. The plate 22a is formed with openings 26 to prevent undueaccumulation of stone particles or other foreign matter and the woodencross members are formed with the bushed openings 23 for the lockingpins 24. The end Wall, in this instance, is formed by the beam-likemember 4i secured on plate 22a. The cushion block 35 is positionedagainst this wall 4| and preferably extends transversely the fulldistance between the channel and angle bars. If desired, the block canbe bolted to the end wall 4|.

Figs. 11 to 13 illustrate the upper bed section as being composed of awood base portion 22b having heavy metal strips 42 attached along itsside edges and longitudinally arranged channels 43 attached at pointssuitably spaced from each other and the side edge strips 42. Thesechannels and strips extend the full length of section 22b and one orboth surfaces thereof constitute the straight edge or wall E againstwhich the stone is forced, preferably by Wedges such as used in thestructure of Figs. l to 3. In this modification, the end wall may takethe form of a channel member 4Ia and the cushioning block 35 may extendentirely across the bed and be fastened to said end Wall member.Openings 26 may be provided for discharging chips and foreign matter andopenings 23 are also provided for the locking pins. If desired, thefaces E of the channels and strips may be knurled or roughened toprevent slipping of the stone.

Figs. 14 to 19 show a form of upper section especially adapted forloading a number of pieces of stone thereon, one upon the other or insuperposed relationship. In this modification, the upper section 22Which may be of stone, has one side Wall formed with a stepped innersurface, there being three rises, R, R and R2 in the presentillustration. Each rise, like the walls E in the other modifications, isdisposed in a vertical plane parallel to the line of relative movementbetween the bed and cutting tool, so that, by positioning the edgesofthe stones one above the other on the several steps, the rises willcause the respective stones to assume their proper positions relativelyto the cutting tool when the stones pivot on the cushioning blocks 35under the influence of the pressure exerted by the cutting tool. Thestructure of Fig. 14 may be used with wide stone, asshown in Fig. 16, ora number of narrower stones can be arranged side by side, as well assuperposed, as shown in Fig. 19. Preferably, spacer blocks are usedbetween the superposed stones and, in the case of narrow stones, as inFig. I9, lateral spaces are also preferably provided. It is also deemedpreferable to taper the end wall 4I toward the stepped wall. However,when loaded with superposed stones for planing, it is necessary that theend wall t! be adjustable in order that its height may be reduced topermit the cutting tool to engage the stones at the lower levels afterthe uppermost stones have been planed and removed. For this purpose, theend wall 4l is made df sectional construction, there being a basesection Mb, preferably integral with the bed section 22 and removableinterchangeable upper end sections Mc and Md. Section llc is of a heightslightly less than the combined thicknesses of two stones and two shims;section iid is of a height cr thickness slightly less than the combinedthickness of one stone and one shim; and permanent section Mb is of athickness or height slightly less than that of one stone and one shim.The removable sections MC and Md are held in position on fixed sectionlli? by heavy dowel pins 44 and 45, respectively, pins 45 being somewhatshorter than pins 44. Thus, with three stones arranged one above theother, end' section HC will be used on section Mb, as shown in Fig. 17.After the top stone has been finished and removed to expose the nextlower stone, end section dlc is replaced with section Md and, when thissecond stone has been finished, it is removed, as is also end section4Id, whereupon, the lowermost stone can be planed. The use of tworemovable end sections in connection with three superposed 'stones isgiven merely as an example as it will be apparent that the end sections,and stones placed upon one another, can be increased or decreased incorresponding numbers.

As previously stated, the several modications embody the fundamentalfeatures of providing a .removable upper bed section to facilitate andexpedite loading and unloading and the provision of the, so-called,straight edge or wall for expediting setting of the stone on said bedsection in proper relationship with the planer cutting tool.

What I claim is:

1. A stone supporting bed for stone planers,

comprising upper and lower sections, said upper section having alongitudinally extending stone receiving recess therein, means forreleasably interlocking said sections together against relativehorizontal movement and for positioning one side wall of said recessparallel to the direction in which said bed and the cutting tool of theplaner are moved relatively to each other, and said upper section beingmovable as a unit with said lower section and removable vertically fromsaid lower section independently of said interlocking means.

2. In a stone planer, a bed formed of upper and lower sections, saidsections having co-operating pins and pin openings for locking the twosections together against relatively horizontal movement, said uppersection being removable Vertically from the lower section, and saidupper section having a stone receiving recess in its top surface withone wall of said recess having a vertical surface disposed parallel tothe direction in which said bed and the cutting tool of the planer areadapted to be moved relatively to one another during the stone cuttingoperation.

3. A stone supporting bed for stone planer machines having a stonereceiving recess therein formed with vertical side walls having surfacesdisposed parallel to the direction in which said bed and the planer1cutting tool are moved relatively to each other during the cuttingoperation, and means for wedging two pieces of stone apart against thevertical side walls of said recess.

4. A stone supporting bed for stone planer machines having an elongatedstone receiving recess therein, said recess having opposite side wallswith one side wall disposed vertically and parallel to the direction inwhich said bed and the planer cutting tool are moved relatively to eachother during the cutting operation, said recess being of increased depthat its opposite side, and means for retaining a stone against saidvertical side Wall and in spaced relation to the opposite side wall ofthe recess..

5. A stone supporting bed for stone planer machines having an elongatedstone receiving recess therein formed with a vertical side wall having asurface disposed parallel to the direction in which said bed and theplaner cutting tool are moved relatively to each other during thecutting operation, said recess being yof increased depth at its oppositeside and having an end wall tapering toward said vertical side wall, andmeans for retaining a stone against said vertical side Wall in spacedrelation to the oppositeside wall of the recess.

6. A stone supporting bed for stone planer machines having a stonereceiving recess in its upper surface, one side wall of said recessbeing of stepped formation with each rise of said wall having a surfacedisposed vertically in a plane parallel to the direction in which thebed and planer cutting tool move relatively to each other during thecutting operation, and means for retaining a plurality of stones in saidrecess against the vertical surfaces of the rises in said side wall.

7. A stone supporting bed for stone planer machines having a stonereceiving recess in its upper surface, one side wall of said recessbeing of stepped formation with each rise of said wall having a verticalsurface disposed in a plane parallel to the direction in which the bedand the planer cutting tool are moved relatively to each other in thecutting operation, and one end wall of said recess being of sectionalformation with each section tapering toward the stepped side wall, andmeans for retaining stones against the several rises of said side wall.

8. A stone supporting bed for stone planer machines, said bed having avertically removable upper section, means for preventing said uppersection shifting horizontally with respect to the lower portion of thebed, said upper section having a stone receiving recess therein, oneside wall of said recess being of stepped formation with each rise ofsaid wall having a vertical surface disposed in the plane in which thebed and planer cutting tool move relatively to each other during thecutting operation and one end wall of said recess being formed of aseries of vertically superposed sections corresponding in number to thenumber of rises in said side wall, each of said end wall sectionstapering in width toward said side wall, and means for retaining stonesagainst the parallel surfaces of the side wall rises.

GUSTAVE A. SWENSON.

